An appraisal of nurses' knowledge and management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at University of Benin Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive and irreversible lung condition that affects millions of people globally, causing significant morbidity and mortality (Omotayo & Alabi, 2023). The disease is characterized by airflow limitation, leading to respiratory symptoms such as cough, dyspnea, and sputum production, and is commonly associated with risk factors like smoking, environmental pollutants, and occupational exposures (Ejimofor et al., 2024). COPD is a major public health concern in Nigeria, where it is becoming increasingly prevalent, especially in urban centers due to rising tobacco use and air pollution (Nwosu et al., 2023). Effective management of COPD requires early detection, ongoing monitoring, and the appropriate use of pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic interventions.
Nurses play a central role in the management of COPD, particularly in the areas of patient education, symptom monitoring, medication administration, and coordination of care (Yusuf & Adewunmi, 2023). Their knowledge and skills in managing COPD can significantly impact patient outcomes, especially in the context of hospital-based care in respiratory wards or outpatient clinics (Ibrahim et al., 2024). However, there is limited research on the knowledge and management practices of nurses caring for COPD patients in Nigerian hospitals, including the University of Benin Teaching Hospital (UBTH). The lack of comprehensive understanding of the disease by nurses could lead to suboptimal management of COPD patients, affecting both the quality of care and patients' quality of life.
This study aims to assess the level of knowledge and the management practices of nurses concerning COPD at UBTH, focusing on how their knowledge influences the care provided to COPD patients, and identifying any gaps in training or practice that may hinder effective management.
Statement of the Problem
COPD is a chronic disease that requires long-term management and lifestyle modifications. Nurses, as key members of the healthcare team, are involved in the management of COPD patients, but their level of knowledge and understanding of the condition significantly influences treatment outcomes. At UBTH, there is a lack of systematic investigation into how nurses manage COPD patients, which raises concerns about potential gaps in their knowledge and adherence to best practices. The lack of comprehensive education and training on COPD management for nurses may lead to poor patient outcomes, including increased hospitalizations, respiratory complications, and reduced quality of life for patients. This study seeks to assess the nurses’ knowledge and management practices of COPD at UBTH and to identify ways to improve the care provided to these patients.
Objectives of the Study
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To evaluate the level of knowledge among nurses regarding the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at University of Benin Teaching Hospital.
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To assess the management practices of nurses in caring for patients with COPD at UBTH.
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To identify challenges faced by nurses in managing COPD patients at UBTH and propose recommendations for improvement.
Research Questions
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What is the level of knowledge among nurses regarding the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at University of Benin Teaching Hospital?
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What are the common management practices followed by nurses when caring for patients with COPD at UBTH?
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What challenges do nurses face in managing COPD patients, and how can these be addressed?
Research Hypotheses
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There is a significant relationship between nurses' knowledge of COPD management and their management practices in caring for COPD patients at UBTH.
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Nurses with more years of experience in respiratory care are more knowledgeable in managing COPD patients than those with less experience.
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Lack of training and resources significantly hinders the effective management of COPD patients by nurses at UBTH.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on nurses working in respiratory care units and general wards involved in the management of COPD patients at University of Benin Teaching Hospital. The study will assess nurses' knowledge, management practices, and challenges. Limitations include the potential for bias in self-reported data and the findings' limited generalizability to other institutions due to differences in resources and training programs.
Definitions of Terms
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A group of lung diseases that block airflow and make breathing difficult, commonly caused by smoking or environmental pollutants.
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Nurses: Healthcare professionals responsible for the management and care of patients, including those with COPD.
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Knowledge: The understanding and awareness nurses have regarding the management of COPD, including treatment protocols, symptom control, and patient education.
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Management Practices: The specific actions and interventions nurses employ to care for COPD patients, including the use of medications, monitoring, and education.
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